Scientists have long noted with interest that in one of nature's crucial chemical reactions—the oxygen evolution reaction—it is manganese, rather than more plentiful similar elements such as iron, ...

The research progress of HEMs as the catalysts for electrochemical water electrolysis in terms of theoretical research, synthesis, and application. The specific properties of HEMs have profound ...

The quest for efficient and durable oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts is pivotal for the advancement of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) technology. Despite their widespread ...